Atomic Orbital-type cusps on Alternating Group Modular Towers

Reduced Hurwitz spaces – spaces of r-branched Riemann surface covers of the projective line – are dimension r-3 moduli spaces. These stacks have cusps on their boundaries. They can have fine moduli, but often do not. In the form of M(odular) T(ower)s they support conjectures generalizing modular curve statements. Other researchers use these to connect the Inverse Galois Problem and the Strong Torsion Conjecture (on abelian varieties).

Like Shimura varieties – some are special cases – each MT comes with a prime p. As many MTs attach to p as there are p-perfect finite groups. We get a hold on these spaces using a sh-incidence pairing on their cusps. We will concentrate on applying the sh-incidence pairing to infinitely many MTs where the Main Conjectures are proved.

We chose examples of Liu and Osserman, who proved a first connectedness result. Here the projective line covers have alternating groups as monodromy groups, p=2 and r=4 (so tower levels are upper half plane quotients, but not modular curves). I swear, the group theory is surprisingly easy.

We use a "Fried-Serre" spin-lifting formula to locate 2 cusps. Our computations were guided by the look of an atomic orbital in sh-incidence rows. By catching 2 cusps at tower level 1 – though there are none at level 0 – we prove the Main Conjecture. We end by comparing p cusps in MTs with those of modular curve towers.

This html file corresponds to §5 of the paper Connectedness of families of sphere covers of a given type.