Strong Unique Continuation for the Navier-Stokes Equation with Non-analytic Forcing

Speaker: 

Mihaela Ignatova

Institution: 

University of Southern California

Time: 

Thursday, May 19, 2011 - 3:00pm

Location: 

RH 440R

The Navier-Stokes system is the classical model for the motion of a viscous incompressible homogeneous fluid. Physically, the equations
express Newton's second law of motion and the conservation of mass. The unknowns are the velocity vector field u and the scalar pressure field p, while the volume forces f and the kinematic viscosity are given. In this talk, we address the spatial complexity and the local behavior of solutions to the three dimensional (NSE) with general non-analytic forcing. Motivated by a result of Kukavica and Robinson in [4], we consider a system of elliptic-parabolic type for a diference of two solutions (u1; p1) and (u2; p2) of (NSE) with the same Gevrey forcing f. By proving delicate Carleman estimates with the same singular weights for the Laplacian and the heat operator (cf. [1, 2, 3]), we establish a quantitive estimate of unique continuation leading to the strong unique continuation property for solutions of the coupled elliptic-parabolic system. Namely, we obtain that if the velocity vector fields u1 and u2 are not identically equal, then their diference
u1-u2 has finite order of vanishing at any point. Moreover, we establish a polynomial estimate on the rate of vanishing, provided the forcing f lies in the Gevrey class for certain restricted range of the exponents. In particular, the necessary condition for the result in [4] is satisfied; thus a finite-dimensional family
of smooth solutions can be distinguished by comparing a finite number of their point values.
This is a joint work with Igor Kukavica.

References
[1] M. Ignatova and I. Kukavica, Unique continuation and complexity of solutions to parabolic partial diferential equations with Gevrey coeficients, Advances in Diferential Equations 15 (2010), 953-975.
[2] M. Ignatova and I. Kukavica, Strong unique continuation for higher order elliptic equations with Gevrey
coeficients, Journal of Diferential Equations (submitted in August, 2010).
[3] M. Ignatova and I. Kukavica, Strong unique continuation for the Navier-Stokes equation with non-analytic forcing, Journal of Dynamics and Diferential Equations (submitted in January, 2011).
[4] I. Kukavica and J.C. Robinson, Distinguishing smooth functions by a finite number of point values, and a version of the Takens embedding theorem, Physica D 196 (2004), 45-66.

Parabolic approximation of the 3D incompressible Navier-Stokes equations.

Speaker: 

Walter Rusin

Institution: 

University of Southern California

Time: 

Thursday, May 26, 2011 - 3:00pm

Location: 

RH 440R

Solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations (NSE) satisfy the same scaling invariance as the solutions of the heat equation. However, as opposed to the exponential decay of the heat kernel, the kernel of the solution operator of the linear problem associated with NSE (the Stokes system), has only polynomial decay. We consider a parabolic system that shares many features with NSE (scaling, energy estimate) and show that it may be thought of as an approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations. In particular, we address the problem of convergence of solutions to solutions of NSE and partial regularity questions.

On the energy spectrum of 1D quantum Ising quasicrystal.

Speaker: 

William Yessen

Institution: 

UCI

Time: 

Thursday, October 20, 2011 - 2:00pm

Location: 

RH 306

Since the discovery of quasicrystals by Schechtman et. al.
in 1984, quasi-periodic models in mathematical physics have formed an
active area of research. In particular, effects of quasi-periodicity
were investigated in a widely studied model of magnetism: the Ising
model (quantum and classical). Numerical and some analytic results
began to appear in the late '80s; however, most interesting
(numerical) results hitherto remained rigorously unconfirmed.Most of
the previous results relied on a connection with hyperbolic dynamical
systems.It is our aim to rigorously confirm previous numerical
observations, as well as to prove new results, by exploiting further
the aforementioned connection. In particular, we'll prove
multi-fractal structure of the energy spectrum of one-dimensional
quantum quasi-periodic Ising models. We'll also discuss its fractal
dimensions and measure.

Partial hyperbolicity: a brief discourse

Speaker: 

William Yessen

Institution: 

UC Irvine

Time: 

Tuesday, April 12, 2011 - 3:00pm

Location: 

RH 440R

This is the first in a series of two (or three) talks on partial (and normal) hyperbolicity. Partial hyperbolicity is in a sence a generalization of the notion of uniform hyperbolicity -- a well developed branch of smooth dynamical systems. In this talk we will begin with a motivation, definitions and some basic examples, laying the ground for the subsequent discussion of more advanced topics (mainly questions concerning generalization of resulrts of hyperbolic dynamics to partially hyperbolic systems).

Fluctuations of ground state energy in Anderson model with Bernoulli potential

Speaker: 

Professor Jan Wehr

Institution: 

University of Arizona

Time: 

Tuesday, April 12, 2011 - 11:00am

Location: 

RH 306

Energy of the finite-volume ground state of a random Schroedinger operator is studied in the limit as the volume increases. We relate its fluctuations to a classical probability problem---extreme statistics of IID random variables---and describe the detailed behavior of its distribution. Surprisingly, the distributions do not converge---presence of two scales in the system leads to a chaotic volume dependence. A possible application to a sharp estimate of the Lifshits tail will be mentioned. The work presented is done jointly with Michael Bishop.

On the Loss of Regularity for the Three-Dimensional Euler Equations

Speaker: 

Edriss S. Titi

Institution: 

University of Califonia-Irvine and Weizmann Institute of Science

Time: 

Thursday, April 7, 2011 - 3:00pm

Location: 

RH 440R

A basic example of shear flow was introduced by DiPerna and Majda to study the weak limit of oscillatory solutions of the Euler equations of incompressible ideal fluids. In particular, they proved by means of this example that weak limit of solutions of Euler equations may, in some cases, fail to be a solution of Euler equations. We use this shear flow example to provide non-generic, yet nontrivial, examples concerning the immediate loss of smoothness and ill-posedness of solutions of the three-dimensional Euler equations, for initial data that do not belong to $C^{1,\alpha}$. Moreover, we show by means of this shear flow example the existence of weak solutions for the three-dimensional Euler equations with vorticity that is having a nontrivial density concentrated on non-smooth surface. This is very different from what has been proven for the two-dimensional Kelvin-Helmholtz problem where a minimal regularity implies the real analyticity of the interface. Eventually, we use this shear flow to provide explicit examples of non-regular solutions of the three-dimensional Euler equations that conserve the energy, an issue which is related to the Onsager conjecture.

This is a joint work with Claude Bardos.

Lp and Schauder estimates for non-local elliptic equations.

Speaker: 

Prof. Hongjie Dong

Institution: 

Brown University

Time: 

Thursday, April 21, 2011 - 3:00pm

Location: 

RH 440R

I will discuss some recent results about Lp and Schauder estimates for a class of non-local elliptic equations. Compared to previous known results, the novelty of our results is that the kernels of the operators are not necessarily to be homogeneous, regular, or symmetric.

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