A spectral method with window technique for the initial value problems of the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation

Speaker: 

Chiu-Yen Kao

Institution: 

Ohio State University

Time: 

Monday, November 2, 2009 - 4:00pm

Location: 

RH 306

The Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation is a two-dimensional dispersive wave equation which was proposed to study the stability of one soliton solution of the KdV equation under the influence of weak transversal perturbations. It is well know that some closed-form solutions can be obtained by function which have a Wronskian determinant form. It is of interest to study KP with an arbitrary initial condition and see whether the solution converges to any closed-form solution asymptotically. To reveal the answer to this question both numerically and theoretically, we consider different types of initial conditions, including one-line soliton, V-shape wave and cross-shape wave, and investigate the behavior of solutions asymptotically. We provides a detail description of classification on the results.

The challenge of numerical approach comes from the unbounded domain and unvanished solutions in the infinity. In order to do numerical computation on the finite domain, boundary conditions need to be imposed carefully. Due to the non-periodic boundary conditions, the standard spectral method with Fourier methods involving trigonometric polynomials cannot be used. We proposed a new spectral method with a window technique which will make the boundary condition periodic and allow the usage of the classical approach. We demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of our methods through numerous simulations.

Modeling nonlinear pulse dynamics in photonic structures

Speaker: 

Alejandro Aceves

Institution: 

Southern Methodist University

Time: 

Monday, October 12, 2009 - 4:00pm

Location: 

RH 306

An area of intense research is that of photonics, where light propagation features are controlled by clever engineering of periodic optical structures. Perhaps the best known photonic devices are the fiber Bragg grating and photonic crystal fibers. In both cases there is plenty of experimental work that illustrates the rich dynamics that emerges when linear periodic properties coexist with nonlinear intensity dependent effects. Phenomena such as slow gap soliton dynamics in fibers and supercontinuum generation in photonic crystal fibers have been observed only when periodicity and nonlinearity are present.

In this presentation we briefly showcase the multitude of phenomena in photonics, we then concentrate on three nonlinear periodic geometries: a two dimensional nonlinear waveguide Bragg grating a photonic crystal coupler and a periodic array of nonlinear optical fibers. What we will show in the first case is the existence of nontrivial optical bullet dynamics such as light trapping, bending and switching. The second geometry presents a novel system to produced controlled optical pulse delays. Finally the fiber array presents a nonlinear system to study light localization in a discrete disordered system.

Homogenization of Hamilton-Jacobi equations

Speaker: 

Adam Oberman

Institution: 

Simon Fraser University

Time: 

Monday, November 16, 2009 - 4:00pm

Location: 

RH 306

In this work we present and efficient approach to homogenization for a class of static Hamilton-Jacobi (HJ) equations, which we call metric HJ equations. We relate the solutions of the HJ equations to the distance function in a corresponding Riemannian or Finslerian metric. The metric approach allows us to conclude that the homogenized equation also induces a metric. The advantage of the method is that we can solve just one auxiliary equation to recover the homogenized Hamiltonian. This is significant improvement over existing methods which require the solution of the cell problem (or a variational problem) for each value of p. Computational results are presented and compared with analytic results when available for piece-wise constant periodic and random speed functions.

We will also discuss some recent results on homogenization of second order fully nonlinear equations.

Sharp bounds for eigenvalues of triangles

Speaker: 

Professor Bartlomiej Siudeja

Institution: 

UIUC

Time: 

Tuesday, October 6, 2009 - 4:00pm

Location: 

RH 306

Eigenvalues of the Laplacian on triangular domains cannot be computed exactly, in general. But the triangles that extremize the first eigenvalue (the fundamental tone of the membrane) often turn out to be equilateral, or degenerate in some way. These special triangles give sharp eigenvalue bounds for the general case.

Among all triangles with fixed diameter, we prove the degenerate acute isosceles triangle minimizes the Neumann fundamental tone. In the other direction, if we fix perimeter (or area) then the equilateral triangle maximizes the Neumann fundamental tone. Our approach involves variational principles and geometric transformations of the domain, and relies on the explicit formulas for eigenfunctions of equilateral triangles and circular sectors. We also prove symmetry/antisymmetry for eigenfunctions of isosceles triangles.

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