In 1954 Hirzebruch asked which linear combinations of Chern numbers are topological invariants of smooth complex projective varieties. We give a complete answer to this question in small dimensions, and also prove partial results without restrictions on the dimension.
Consider a family of probability measures $\{\mu_y : y \in
\partial D\}$ on a bounded open domain $D\subset R^d$ with smooth
boundary.
For any starting point $x \in D$, we run a
a standard $d$-dimensional Brownian motion $B(t) \in R^d $ until it first
exits $D$ at time $\tau$,
at which time it jumps to a point in the domain $D$ according to the
measure $\mu_{B(\tau)}$ at the exit time,
and starts the Brownian motion afresh. The same evolution is repeated
independently each time the process reaches the boundary.
The resulting diffusion process is called Brownian motion with jump
boundary (BMJ).
The spectral gap of non-self-adjoint generator of BMJ, which describes the
exponential
rate of convergence to the invariant measure, is studied.
The main analytic tool is Fourier transforms with only real zeros.
I will first briefly review the classical,
"Becker-Doring" (BD) theory of nucleation and describe
the solution of the discrete time-dependent BD equation.
Then, I will discuss low-temperature nucleation in a
two-dimensional Ising system driven by Glauber/Metropolis
dynamics. Here, accurate values of the nucleation rate can
be derived and used to assess the phenomenological BD
picture.
Suppose f , g ? L?(0, 1); let F1 , . . . , FN be ?-algebras of Borel sets in [0, 1].
Put f0 = f and fj = E(f{j ?1} |Fj ), j = 1, 2, . . . , N . The function f is transformable into g, if for any ? > 0 there exist N and such ?-algebras F1 , . . . , FN that fN ? g