I will start by giving a brief history of the subject and continue by presenting some important results in the field such as the "prime number theorem," and the mathematicians that contributed to these results. I will go on and give a very general discussion about the "Riemann Zeta Function," and discuss its importance in the field and mathematics in general. I will also touch upon some open problems such as the "Riemann Hypothesis," and "The Circle Problem." I will end my talk by discussing some recent and important results in the field such as the "Tao - Green" theorem on arithmetic progressions of prime numbers.