Contact Homology via Legendrian curves, an overview

Speaker: 

Professor Abbas Bahri

Institution: 

Rutgers University

Time: 

Thursday, November 8, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

After the seminal work of Paul Rabinowitz on periodic orbits of Hamiltonian Systems on starshaped surfaces in |R^n, Contact Structures have become a natural object of study for analysts. The search for invariants for these contact forms/structures benefited very much from the deeper understanding of the much more general associated variational problem used in the work of Paul Rabinowitz and of Conley-Zehnder. Contact Homology has then been defined using pseudo-holomorphic curves, but also via Legendrian curves. After broadly recalling the main steps in the formulation and the development of these tools, we present a more detailed account of the contact homology via Legendrian curves, including its definition, its compactness properties and the value of this homology for odd indexes.

Funding Opportunities in the Mathematical Sciences at the National Science Foundation

Speaker: 

Professor Henry A. Warchall

Institution: 

NSF

Time: 

Thursday, October 11, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

I will describe current opportunities for funding in mathematics and statistics at the National Science Foundation, as well as issues that arise in proposal preparation. There will be ample opportunity for questions from the audience.

Mathematical theory of solids: From atomic to macroscopic scales

Speaker: 

Professor Weinan E

Institution: 

Princeton

Time: 

Thursday, November 29, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

There are no analogs of Navier-Stokes equations for solid mechanics. One reason is that information at the atomic scale seems to play a much more important role for solids than for fluids. A satisfactory mathematical theory for solids has to taken into account the behavior of solids at different scales, from electronic to atomic, to macroscopic scales.

I will discuss some of the fundamental problems that we have to resolve in order to build such a theory. I will start by reviewing the geometry of crystal lattices, the quantum as well as classical atomistic models of solids. I will then focus on a few selected problems:

(1) The crystallization problem -- why the ground states of solids are crystals and which crystal structure do they select?

(2) the microscopic foundation of elasticity theory;

(3) stability and instability of crystals;

(4) the electronic structure and density functional theory.

Subelliptic Cordes estimates

Speaker: 

Professor Juan Manfredi

Institution: 

University of Pittsburgh

Time: 

Thursday, March 13, 2008 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

The classical Friedrichs identity states that for $u\in C_0^{\infty}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ we have
$$\int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |D^2 u|^2\, dx = \int_{\mathbb{R}^n} |\Delta u|^2\, dx.$$
From this inequality we immediately get $W^{2,2}$-estimates for
solutions of $\Delta u =f$ and also for solutions of measurable perturbations
of the form $\sum_{ij}a_{ij}(x) u_{ij}(x)=f(x)$, when the matrix
$A=(a_{ij})$ is closed to the identity in sense made precise
by Cordes.
In this talk we first explore extensions of the Friedrichs identity in
the form of sharp inequalities
$$\int_{X} |\mathfrak{X}^2 u|^2\, dx \le C_1 \int_{X} |\Delta_{\mathfrak{X}} u|^2\, dx +C_2\int_{X} |\mathfrak{X}u|^2 \, dx $$
where $X$ is a Riemannian manifold, the Heisenberg group, and certain types of CR manifolds.
\par
We then show how to use these estimates to study quasilinear subelliptic equations.\par

This is joint work with Andr\`as Domokos (PAMS 133, 2005) and Sagun
Chanillo (2007 preprint.)

Solving the Cauchy-Riemann equations: old paradigms and new phenomena

Speaker: 

Professor Alexander Nagel

Institution: 

University of Wisconsin, Madison

Time: 

Thursday, May 17, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

Holomorphic functions on a domain are the solutions to a set of homogeneous partial differential
equations called the Cauchy-Riemann equation, and CR functions are the solutions to the analogous
equations on the boundary. Many problems in complex analysis can be reduced to finding appropriate
solutions to the inhomogeneous versions of these equations. These solutions have been successfully
constructed when the geometry of the domain is sufficiently simple. I hope to show how these constructions
follow a pattern based on the singular integral operators of Calder\'on and Zygmund. I then plan to
discuss some more recent examples where this well-understood paradigm breaks down.

The 16th Hilbert problem, a story of mystery, mistakes and solution

Speaker: 

Professor Oleg Viro

Institution: 

Uppsala University

Time: 

Thursday, March 8, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

Hilbert's problem of the topology of algebraic curves and surfaces (the
16th problem from the famous list presented at the second International
Congress of Mathematicians in 1900) was difficult to formulate. The way it
was formulated made it difficult to anticipate that it has been solved. I
believe it has, and this happened more than thirty years ago, although the
World Mathematical Community missed to acknowledge this.

Reaction-diffusion equations and biological invasions

Speaker: 

Professor Henri Berestycki

Institution: 

Ecole des hautes etudes en sciences sociales, Paris.

Time: 

Tuesday, February 6, 2007 - 4:00pm

Location: 

MSTB 254

Diffusion, along with transport and reaction effects, is the main factor explaining changes
or transitions in a wide array of situations such as flames, some phase transitions, tumours
or other biological invasions. In these systems, two or several possible states coexist, and
one observes certain states expanding or receding or patterns being formed.

This lecture, meant for a general audience, will describe some mathematical properties of
reaction-diffusion equations as an approach to spatial propagation and diffusion. After
describing the mechanism of reaction and diffusion and giving several illustrations, I will
review some classical results. In the context of ecology of populations, I will then mention
some recent works dealing with non homogeneous media. In this framework, I will describe a
model addressing the question of how a species keeps pace with a shifting climate.

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